Assessment of nutritional status 💪📒📚

 ASSESMENT OF NUTRITIONAL STATUS

Nutrition:    
    “The process of consuming, absorbing and utilizing  of food, called nutrition.”
Nutritional assessment:

Nutritional assessment evaluates a person’s health from a nutritional perspective. Many factors influence or reflect nutritional status.

Registered dietitian nutritionist, or other assessor gather information from many sources, including

• Historical information

• Anthropometric measurement

• Physical examination

• Biochemical analysis (laboratory test)

Anthropometric measurements:

        Anthropo     =   human 

        Metric          =   measuring

  “Measurement of physical characteristics such as height and weight”.

We will discuss about anthropometric measurements, including

1. BMI (Body mass index)

2. IBW (Ideal body weight)

3. Body frame size

4. BEE (Basel energy expenditure)

5. BMR (Basic metabolic rate)

6. TCR (Total caloric requirement)/TEE

7. Fluid Requirement

BMI (Body mass index):

     BMI=Weight (kg)/Height(m^2)

Under weight	Less than 18.5
Desirable weight	18.5-24.99
Over weight	25-30
Obese-I	30-35
Obese-II	35-40
Obese-III	Above 40

Sign for feet and inches

Feet    = (’)

Inches   = (”)

For example:

Height =5’7’’ (5 feet and 7 inches)

Weight=55kg

BMI=WEIGHT (Kg)/HEIGHT(m^2)

 height into feet

1 feet =12inches

5’7’’=5*12+7=60+7=67inches

When we convert inches into cm we multiple value with 2.54cm

1 inch=2.54cm

So ,     67*2.54=170.18cm

When we convert cm into meter 1m=100cm

170.18/100=1.7018m

But we need value in m^2 so, (1.7018)^2=2.896m^2

Putting value in the formula:

BMI=WEIGHT(Kg)/HEIGHT(m^2)

BMI=    55kg/2.896m^2   =19kg/m^2 (Desirable weight)

Example no:2

If weight is in pounds,  

 Weight=105Ibs(pounds)

Height=5’6’’ (5 feet and 6 inches)

  1 pound =1/2.2 kg

105/2.2=48kg

Height5’6” =5*12+6=60+6=66*2.54cm=167.64cm

167.64/100=1.67m   

(1.67m)^2=2.81m^2

Putting value in the formula:

BMI=Weight(kg)/ Height(m^2 )= 48/2.81=17kg/m^2(underweight)

IBW (Ideal body weight):  

For men:  IBW=106 Pounds for first 5 feet and 6 pounds for each additional inches.

For Women :   IBW=100 Pounds for first 5 feet and 5 pounds for each additional inches.

For example:

For men:    if height is 5’3’’ (5 feet 3 inches)

       106 +(6*3) in this equation 106 for 5 feet and 6 for each additional inches and multiple with 3inches=124pounds

We know 1 pound=1/2.2kg

   IBW=124/2.2=56Kg

For women:    if height of a female is 4’8’’ (4 feet and 8 inches)

12 inches =1 feet

In this case when height is less than 5 feet we use (-) instead of (+).

12-8=4 inches

       IBW   = 100-(4*5)

       IBW   =100-20=80pounds

       IBW   =80/2.2=36Kg

For example:  

 Height =165cm

 Gender = female

For converted cm into inches:

 Height=165/2.54=65 inches

By converting inches into feet:

Height=65/12=5’.4’’

IBW=100+(5*4) =100+20 =120Ibs (pounds)

Converting pounds into kg:

IBW= 120/2.2=54Kg
BODY FRAME SIZE:

It is denoted by =’’r’’

R=Height (cm)/wrist circumference (cm)

SIZE	MALE	FEMALE
SMALL	r>10.4	r>11.0
MEDIUM	r=9.6-10.4	r=10.1-11
LARGE	r<9.6	r<10.1

For example:

Height=5’7’’

Wrist circumference=15 cm

Firstly change height in to cm=12*5+7=60+7=67 ibs

67*2.54=170.18cm

R=height(cm)/wrist circumference(cm)

R=170.18/15=11.3cm

BEE (BASAL ENERGY Expenditures):

It is also known as (Harris Benedict equations):

FOR MEN:

66.5+(13.7*Weight in kg)+(5*height in cm)-(6.8*Age in years)

For example:

Weight =55kg

Height=170.18cm

Age    =21 years

BEE=66.5+(13.7*55)+(5*170.18)-(6.8*21)

BEE=66.5+753.5+850.9-142.8

BEE=1528.1kcal

FOR WOMEN:

  BEE=655.1+(9.6*Weight in kg) + (1.85*Height in cm)-(4.7*age in year)

For example:
Height=160.02cm

Weight=55kg

Age= 22 years

BEE=655.1+(9.6*55kg)+(1.8*160.02cm)-(4.7*22)

BEE=655.1+528+288.036-103.4=1376kcal

TEE (TOTAL ENERGY Expenditure):

TEE=(calories*factors)

TEE=1376*1.1=1513.6kcal/day

No activity	1.0-1.1
Slight activity	1.2-1.3
Moderate activity	1.3-1.5
Athletes	1.5-1.7

TCR (Total caloric requirement):

TCR=BEE*ACTIVITY FACTOR*INJURY FACTOR

TEE=BEE*AF*IF

Fluid REQUIREMENT:

First 20kg =1500ml and 25 Ml for each additional kg

If IBW=5’4’’

   IBW=100+(4*5)=100+20=120pounds

   IBW=120/2.2=55kg

For calculation of fluid requirement:

55-20=35 

FR=1500ml+(35*25)ml=1500+875=2375ml

1 glass=250ml 1 cup=230ml

Glass per day=2375/250=9.5glass /da